麦肯锡：解决生产力难题研究报告( 英文 160页)

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SOLVING THE PRODUCTIVITY PUZZLE: THE ROLE OFDEMAND AND THE PROMISE OF DIGITIZATION

本报告阐明了美国和西欧近期劳动生产率增长放缓的情况，并概述了未来增长的前景。

• 微观模式如何提供对总体生产率放缓的额外见解

• 为什么发达经济体的生产率增长正在下降

• 部门观点揭示了经济放缓和前景

• 如何捕捉发达经济体2％或更多的生产力潜力

Contents

Executive summary Page 1

1. An overview of the productivity-growth slowdown Page 23

Following a job-rich, productivity-weak recovery from the financial crisis, productivity growth

remains near historic lows across many countries today.

2. Patterns of the slowdown Page 39

Productivity patterns show a broad-based slowdown across countries, with too few and too

small jumping sectors, while capital intensity growth rates remain at postwar lows.

3. Why productivity growth is near historic lows Page 55

Two waves, the waning of a productivity boom that began in the 1990s and financial crisis

aftereffects, dragged down productivity growth while a third, digitization, is under way.

4. A sector view Page 77

Six sectors—automotive, finance, retail, tech, tourism, and utilities—highlight how the three

waves have impacted productivity growth since the mid-2000s.

5. Capturing the productivity potential of a digital age Page 105

Productivity could grow by at least 2 percent a year on average across countries, but

capturing that potential requires a focus on promoting demand and digital diffusion.

Technical appendix Page 129

Bibliography Page 141